Globally, the use of composite IBCs (CIBCs) for the storage and handling of ignitable liquids has introduced significant fire risks into storage and handling operations. Beginning with the sentinel research conducted by the UK Health and Safety Executive in the mid-2000s, continued research and educational efforts have resulted in improved understanding of the fire risk controls required to manage both the prevention and control of fires involving CIBCs. There are several standards that limit the use of CIBCs, but facilities continue to use CIBCs outside established limits and large-loss incidents continue to occur. This presentation will review large-loss incidents involving CIBCs from several countries, provide analysis of common root causes related to failures in the Basis of Safety related to these operations, and offer a pragmatic framework that can be used globally to establish and maintain a Basis of Safety that reduces the probability of future catastrophic fire events involving CIBCs.